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Healthcare revolution
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has quickly become a key and revolutionizing force in the healthcare industry, solving age-old problems with new solutions and improving patient care and operational efficiency tremendously. In healthcare, the implementation of AI across various sectors from diagnostics to treatment and administrative tasks offers unprecedented precision and personalization at a greatly reduced rate. One of the key applications of AI in healthcare is medical imaging and diagnostics.
In a year approximately 400,000 patients in hospitals suffer preventable harm resulting in deaths of between 44,000 and several – over 100.000 dead. AI can predict and diagnose diseases at a much faster pace than most medical professionals. AI does not depend on factors such as empathy or any external distractions. AI algorithms can analyze medical images such as X-rays, MRIs and CT scans with precision that often surpasses human capabilities. This ability to detect patterns and anomalies early on leads to timely diagnosis of conditions like cancer, cardiovascular diseases and neurological disorders, ultimately improving patient outcomes.
In consideration of patient care, AI predictive skills have also been utilized to design individual treatment techniques as well. AI can personalize treatment for optimal performance with mild side effects by using a patient’s genetic profile, medical history and lifestyle details. The influence of AI has also been highly recognized in the development or improvement of surgical techniques. AI-driven virtual health assistants and chat bots not only give patients immediate access to information, appointment schedules or symptom checkers, creating additional patient engagement but also relieving some of the pressure on traditional healthcare staff.
QAZI JAMSHED SIDDIQUI
Lahore
Climate
change and livestock role
IN Pakistan, livestock plays a pivotal role in the country’s economy and food security and is a significant source of protein, essential nutrients and livelihoods for millions of people. Livestock production systems provide employment opportunities, support rural economies and contribute to the resilience of agricultural communities. Ammonia production in ruminants is a significant aspect of their nitrogen metabolism, primarily occurring in the rumen through the action of microorganisms. However, ammonia deposition onto terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems can lead to land and groundwater degradation. Mitigating ammonia emissions from livestock production systems is, therefore, essential to minimize their environmental footprint and safeguard human and ecosystem health. It is known that ammonia uptake is mediated by menthol (essential oil) via specialized transporters in the rumen epithelium. This study aimed to investigate the functional expression of Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels in indigenous buffalo’s rumen and omasal epithelia and their involvement in menthol-mediated ammonia transport.
Viable segments of rumen and omasum epithelia were collected immediately after slaughter from adult indigenous buffalo (N=8) for molecular expression and subjected to various in vitro scenarios for functional analyses. The isolated epithelia were exposed to mucosal buffer solutions with 0mM, 10mM, and 40mM NH4Cl. Results showed that TRPV3 and TRPM6 were expressed in both rumen and omasum epithelia, while in vitro experiments with isolated ruminal and omasal epithelia exposed to varied mucosal ammonium buffer revealed a menthol-sensitive short-circuit current.
SUNDAS ARIF
Lahore
Surviving economic turmoil
The new government’s promise to revitalize the economy feels increasingly out of reach as conditions continue to deteriorate. Instead of the anticipated recovery, we are seeing a severe economic downturn. The costs of basic necessities such as milk, flour, rice and water are surging, putting immense pressure on household budgets. For many, this means cutting back on essential items, leaving families struggling to meet their fundamental needs.
The impact on daily life is profound. People are forced to make heartbreaking choices between purchasing food and paying for other necessities. The financial strain is so severe that it is driving some to contemplate suicide as a desperate escape from their unrelenting hardship. The escalating prices are not confined to food alone; the cost of electricity and gas has also soared, further compounding the financial burden on ordinary citizens.
This dire situation underscores the urgent need for effective intervention. The government’s economic strategies must address these soaring costs and provide tangible relief to those most affected. Without immediate and substantial action, the promise of economic recovery will remain a distant hope and the suffering of countless individuals will only deepen. It is crucial that policymakers recognize the gravity of the situation and prioritize measures to stabilize prices and support struggling families before more lives are irrevocably damaged.
ROYYAM SAQIB
Islamabad
Box letter
Dying reading culture
The reading culture in our society is rapidly declining. Even when preparing for exams, many opt for shortcuts, such as watching a 10-minute YouTube lecture, rather than consulting books which are authentic and reliable sources. The benefits of reading are profound. While many view reading primarily as a way to enhance vocabulary and knowledge, its advantages extend far beyond that. Reading sharpens memory, improves focus and fosters critical thinking. It transforms your perspective and distinguishes you from others. Indeed, you cannot become a skilled writer without being an avid reader, as reading is essential for developing superior writing skills. The adage “readers are leaders” holds true. Numerous living legends, including Elon Musk and Bill Gates, have made history through their groundbreaking inventions and ideas. When asked about their success, they often attribute it to their habit of reading. For a brighter future, our youth must recognize the value of reading and prioritize books over YouTube and other social media platforms.
MUHAMMAD DARWESH
Sukkur, Sindh
