LISBON – Portuguese President António José Seguro has approved legislation banning the wearing of clothing that fully covers the face in public places, a measure that has been widely viewed as targeting Muslim women who wear the niqab.
The law, which was approved by Parliament in July, prohibits the use of face-covering clothing in public spaces where it prevents a person’s identity from being recognised.
However, the legislation includes several exemptions. Face coverings will be permitted for health, professional, artistic and weather-related reasons, as well as inside places of worship, diplomatic missions and aircraft.
Under the new law, people who violate the ban could face fines ranging from €150 to €3,000.
The legislation also prohibits anyone from forcing another person to cover their face on the basis of gender, religion, age or ethnic background.
President Seguro has defended the measure, saying the face is an important part of human identity and communication. Supporters of the legislation have argued that the restrictions are intended to facilitate identification and communication in public spaces.
The move has, however, raised concerns among rights organisations and advocacy groups, particularly over its potential impact on Muslim women who choose to wear the niqab.
The critics argue that restrictions on face-covering clothing may interfere with individual freedom and women’s ability to choose their own attire.
The legislation places Portugal among a number of European countries that have introduced restrictions on full-face coverings in public places.
The law is expected to attract continued debate over the balance between public identification and security requirements on one hand, and religious freedom, personal choice and individual rights on the other.
The local authorities will be responsible for enforcing the restrictions while taking into account the exemptions provided under the legislation.
