Department of History at the University of Karachi (KU) and the Institute of Central and West Asian Studies (ICWAS) organized an international conference on “Central Asia in the Changing World” at the university’s Jinnah Auditorium. The event gathered experts to discuss the evolving geopolitical and economic significance of Central Asia in the post-Soviet era.
Professor Dr. Syed Jaffar Ahmed, a renowned historian, highlighted the strategic importance of Central Asian countries—Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Kazakhstan—in regional and global politics. He noted that following the dissolution of the Soviet Union, these nations gained independence and began to reshape their relationships with both neighboring countries and the global community. Dr. Ahmed also pointed out Pakistan’s historical ties with the region, which date back to the Indian subcontinent’s interactions with Central Asia during medieval times. Professor Dr. Tanveer Khalid, honorary Secretary of the Pakistan Institute of International Affairs, emphasized the geopolitical dynamics of Central Asia, where major powers like China, Russia, Iran, Afghanistan, India, and Pakistan compete for influence. She explained that as the world moves towards a multi-polar power structure, Central Asia remains crucial due to its rich natural resources and strategic location. Dr. Khalid further remarked that political fluidity and the quest for cultural identity continue to shape Central Asian politics.
While the United States was quick to recognize the independence of these states post-Soviet Union, its influence has since waned, leaving Russia and China as dominant players. However, recent developments, including skepticism towards Chinese involvement, have opened opportunities for the U.S. to re-establish its presence through long-term investments. Renowned economist Dr. Kaiser Bengali also addressed the conference, explaining that economic interests are central to any country’s engagement with the region. He urged Pakistan to adopt a more pragmatic approach towards Central Asia, pointing out that historical misconceptions—such as the belief that shared religion would automatically improve ties with Afghanistan—have proven to be false. Dr. Bengali stressed that improving education, governance, and economic policies is crucial for strengthening Pakistan’s regional ties. KU Vice Chancellor Professor Dr. Khalid Mahmood Iraqi underscored the importance of economic strength in maintaining international relations. He highlighted the geopolitical challenges emerging from the Middle East crisis, which could potentially disrupt the global supply chain. Professor Iraqi also pointed out the potential for Pakistan to collaborate with regional powers like China and Russia, forming an economic union similar to the European Union.
He stressed the importance of utilizing the region’s natural and human resources to drive sustainable economic growth. Professor Dr. ShaistaTabassum, Dean of KU’s Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, noted that Central Asia is a focal point for cooperation and competition among global powers, particularly China, Russia, and the United States. She emphasized that energy acquisition is a major factor driving geopolitical strategies in the region, with the world’s major powers vying for access to Central Asia’s vast energy resources.
Dr. Hina Khan from KU’s Department of History added that while Central Asia possesses what the world desires—natural resources—it should avoid becoming a battleground for conflicting global interests. Other speakers included Professor Dr. Nasreen Afzal from ICWAS and Professor Dr. S.M. Taha from KU’s Department of History, both of whom provided further insights into the region’s geopolitical landscape. The conference concluded with a call for deeper cooperation between Pakistan and Central Asian countries to unlock the region’s economic potential and contribute to long-term stability.
