Our gemstone and marble sector sits on a paradox: extraordinary natural wealth coupled with negligible global presence. From Swat’s world-class emeralds to Hunza’s rubies, the country possesses resources that could generate billions in exports, employment and development. Yet the sector remains largely informal, under-regulated and trapped in low-value raw exports, allowing competitors to reap the real rewards. Global demand for gemstones and related products is expanding rapidly, with markets running into trillions of dollars. Pakistan’s share, however, is measured in mere millions. This gap is not due to a lack of resources, but a lack of policy clarity, infrastructure and on-ground execution. The core failure lies in exporting raw stones. Once Pakistan sells uncut gems or unfinished marble, it surrenders most of the value chain, cutting, polishing, branding, certification and marketing to other countries. The result is lost foreign exchange, limited job creation and no global brand identity.The solution is neither complex nor new, but it requires political will and coordinated action. Dedicated value-addition zones and marble parks must be established near mining areas, equipped with modern cutting, polishing and finishing facilities that meet international standards.
Exports of raw gemstones and marble should be discouraged through regulation, while incentives tax relief, subsidised freight and easy financing should reward processed exports.Equally critical is the creation of accredited gem-testing laboratories and a national certification system to ensure traceability and grading, now essential for buyers in Europe, East Asia and the Middle East. Formalising mining through licensing, training and safety standards would reduce waste and bring informal trade into the documented economy.If treated as a strategic export industry rather than a neglected sideline, gemstones and marble could become a major source of foreign exchange and employment, particularly in remote regions. Clear policy, targeted investment and firm action on the ground can finally convert this natural wealth into lasting economic value.
