A fishing boat operating in the offshore waters of Daran, Jiwani caught 18 large croakers (called Kir in Balochi) and landed at Gunz in Jiwani, Balochistan.
The largest specimen among this lot fetched Rs500,000, whereas the smaller fish may get around Rs100,000. Sajad Umer, the Nakhuda (captain) was jubilant at this catch, which was made through bottom-set gillnets and fetched a total of about Rs800,000 in a one-day expedition, said a communique here on Tuesday.
Spotted croakers and Japanese meagre are two species of large croakers found in Pakistan and fetch very high prices to the tune of millions of rupees in the recent past.
The main reason for such high prices is the large swim bladder, commonly known as fish maws, which these species have for buoyancy and communication. This is used in making soups thought to ease pregnancy related discomfort and cure joint pain, among other ailments, and as speculative investments.
A single swim bladder could fetch as much as Rs50,00,000 per kg in Hong Kong or Guangzhou market.
In Pakistan, the large croaker used to be harvested for decades because of the high quality of its meat. The export of its swim bladder from Pakistan started about 170 years back when dried fish maws (also called isinglass) used to be exported to Europe for clarification of wine and beer. However, due to the high prices offered in the Chinese market and the availability of alternates for clarification, dried fish maws now end up only in the Chinese market.
According to Muhammad Moazzam Khan, Technical Advisor, WWF-Pakistan large croakers are local migrants and form large spawning aggregations locally known as “Aáranga” in Balochistan and “Pinn” in Sindh.
He said that these aggregations were frequently observed in coastal waters off Jiwani, Gwadar, Ormara, Sonmiani Bay and off Indus Delta about 20 years back, however, now such aggregations are rarely observed in Pakistani waters. Increased demand of fish maws in Chinese markets has depleted the stocks of the large croaker globally and some species such as yellow croakers in China and totoaba from Baja California are already depleted. Khan warned that the threat of depletion of the spotted croaker (Protonibea diacanthus) and Japanese meagre (Argyrosomus japonicas), inhabiting the waters of India, Pakistan and the Persian Gulf, is increasing and unless adequate management measures are taken, it is feared that large croakers may become locally extinct.
Sudheer Ahmed, Research Associate at WWF-Pakistan’s Information Centre at Jiwani informed that the occurrence of spawning aggregations is frequently reported from the Daran-Jiwani area since the last four years. Fishermen caught a number of large croakers from the area in 2019 and 2020. He feared that uncontrolled fishing of croakers in the area may lead to their extinction. He urged for a need to take immediate measures to protect the species which can be achieved through declaring the area as a Marine Protected Area or Fish Refugia.
