The situation in the Middle East has become alarming with another front opening in Yemen. The conflict between the US and Iran had already disrupted sea traffic through Strait of Hormuz, shaken global energy markets and the latest Houthi attacks on Saudi Arabia threaten to turn the Bab el-Mandab into another major flashpoint.
The Houthis are an armed rebel movement, and their attacks on Saudi territory and interests cannot be accepted at all. Saudi Arabia has every right to defend its territory and people against armed attacks. Its response is therefore understandable within the right of self-defence under international law. However, the greater concern is that this cycle of attack and retaliation could develop into another prolonged conflict. The consequences will extend far beyond Yemen and Saudi Arabia. The Bab el-Mandab is a vital gateway for global trade and energy. With the Strait of Hormuz already disrupted, instability around another strategic maritime passage could place further pressure on shipping, energy supplies and economies worldwide. Ordinary people are already paying the price through higher fuel and transport costs, while rising energy prices inevitably feed into the cost of food and other essentials. This is precisely why diplomacy must now move faster than drones and missiles. Important capitals with influence over the parties must urgently step up diplomatic efforts. The United States, in particular, must understand that further inflaming the conflict serves nobody’s interests. The BRICS declaration calling for “maximum restraint”, protection of civilians and respect for international law is welcome yet declarations alone will not stop attacks or reopen maritime routes. They must be backed by practical diplomatic efforts. The Islamabad Memorandum of Understanding provides a clear way forward. Its framework offered a basis for ending hostilities, pursuing negotiations and restoring safe passage through the Strait of Hormuz. Its diplomatic architecture should not be allowed to disappear simply because the initial effort faltered. Those who once used to take credit for ending the wars must now demonstrate determination in bringing the conflict to an end on all fronts. Peace must mean a genuine end to fighting, not simply a brief pause before the next round of attacks.
